What are the reasons for the failure of lead-acid batteries that have not been completely replaced by lithium batteries?

　　In recent years, the trend of replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium iron phosphate batteries has become more and more obvious. However, due to customer habits, lead-acid batteries are still the first choice for many usage scenarios.

　　The design life of a lead-acid battery is about 5 years, but in fact, the true life of a lead-acid battery is only one to two years.

　　Why does this happen, and what is the reason for the loss of the life of lead-acid batteries?

　　(1) Unbalance

　　Most lead-acid batteries are not used alone, but are used together. One or two of the batteries in each group are behind, which will cause the entire combination to not be used normally.

　　(2) Water loss

　　The decrease in water volume will reduce the ion activity involved in the reaction, and reduce the contact area between sulfuric acid and the lead plate, which will increase the internal resistance of the battery, increase the polarization, and ultimately lead to a decrease in battery capacity.

　　(3) Irreversible sulfation

　　When a lead-acid battery is over-discharged and stored for a long time in this state, the negative electrode will form lead sulfate crystals that are difficult to accept charging. This phenomenon is called irreversible sulfation. When this situation is serious, the electrodes will fail and the lead-acid battery will be completely scrapped.

　　(4) Plate softening

　　During the repeated charging and discharging cycles of the battery, with the alternation of different materials on the electrode plate, the electrode plate will gradually soften, resulting in a decrease in battery capacity. High-current charging and discharging and over-discharging will accelerate the softening of the plate.

　　(5) Short circuit

　　When the battery is short-circuited, the current will be very large, which will cause damage to the battery and, in severe cases, may cause the line to catch fire.

　　Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become the main energy storage solution in modern social life. Among them, lithium iron phosphate batteries are a perfect replacement for lead-acid batteries, and they are the first choice for grid-connected peak shaving, off-grid energy storage, photovoltaic energy storage, UPS, data center and other industries.

　　Compared with lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have the advantages of long life, small footprint, low load-bearing requirements, simple maintenance, environmental protection, reliability and stability.