Introduction to the top ten technologies of the lithium battery industry in 17 years

　　The researchers said that the current positive electrode specific capacity, output voltage and surface load have a large room for improvement, and the energy density is not enough to match the lithium-ion battery. In the future, it is necessary to further increase the energy density on the basis of maintaining high power density. . In addition, the current classic ionic liquid electrolytes are more expensive. If cheaper electrolytes can be found, the commercial prospects of aluminum ion batteries will be broader. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics has developed a new type of high-temperature resistant lithium-ion battery separator. According to a report on the official website of Shanghai Institute of Ceramics on November 2, a team led by Zhu Yingjie, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Hu Xianluo, a professor at Huaji University Based on previous research work on the new inorganic refractory paper with ultra-long hydroxyapatite nanowires, the team cooperated to develop a new type of high-temperature resistant lithium-ion battery separator based on ultra-long hydroxyapatite nanowires. Relevant research results have been published on "Advanced Materials" and an invention patent has been applied for.

　　The battery separator has many advantages, such as high flexibility, good mechanical strength, high porosity, excellent electrolyte wetting and adsorption performance, high thermal stability, high temperature resistance, flame retardancy and fire resistance, and can be maintained at a high temperature of 700 ℃ Its structural integrity. A battery assembled with a new type of hydroxyapatite ultra-long nanowire-based high-temperature battery diaphragm has better electrochemical performance, cycle stability and rate performance than a battery assembled with a polypropylene diaphragm. This research work is of great significance to greatly improve the operating temperature range of lithium-ion batteries and the safety of lithium-ion batteries. It is expected that the new hydroxyapatite ultra-long nanowire-based high-temperature battery separator can also be applied to many other types of high-temperature batteries and energy storage systems, such as sodium ion batteries, supercapacitors, etc. Japan has developed fire-proof and explosion-proof lithium batteries that have a service life that exceeds that of traditional lithium-ion batteries. According to Xinhuanet’s report on November 30, Japanese researchers have recently developed a safer lithium-ion battery electrolyte that is not easy to burn or burn even in environments such as high temperatures. The explosion, related research results have been published in the British "Nature Energy" (NatureEnergy) magazine.

　　Researchers from the University of Tokyo and other institutions have developed a high-concentration electrolyte containing the flame retardant trimethyl phosphate. This electrolyte is not easy to burn and can achieve high stable charge and discharge more than 1,000 times or more than one year. The service life is comparable or even longer than that of traditional lithium-ion batteries. The research team pointed out that this electrolyte can increase the working voltage of lithium-ion batteries from the current 3.7 volts to 4.6 volts, which will be suitable for high energy density and high safety energy storage battery requirements such as electric vehicles. The research team will work with related companies Advance research.　　Toshiba of Japan has developed a new type of lithium battery for electric vehicles, which takes only 6 minutes to charge quickly.　　According to a report from Xinhua News Agency on October 15, Toshiba of Japan has developed a new generation of lithium batteries for electric vehicles, which takes only 6 minutes to charge. According to reports, this kind of lithium battery can still maintain more than 90% of the battery capacity after 5000 times of charging and discharging, and can still be quickly charged in a low temperature environment of minus 10 degrees Celsius.

　　Toshiba began to develop SCiB (Super Charged Ion Battery) as early as 2007, and has been successfully applied to many electric vehicles including Mitsubishi's iMiEV and Honda's FitEV. The current SCiB uses titanium dioxide as the anode. The new type of lithium battery for electric vehicles developed by Toshiba Japan this time is different from the lithium battery that generally uses graphite as the negative electrode material. It uses titanium niobium oxide as the negative electrode material, which has the characteristics of high energy density and ultra-fast charging. The traditional electric vehicle lithium battery can only be charged to about 80% of the power in 30 minutes, and the new generation of lithium battery can be charged to 90% of the power in only 6 minutes. Toshiba’s test electric car eventually ran about 320 kilometers after charging for 6 minutes. At present, Toshiba has made samples of a new generation of lithium batteries with a capacity of 50 ampere hours and the size of a palm, and plans to improve them and strive to launch official products in 2019. Stanford scientists developed sodium-based batteries with lower cost and higher efficiency than lithium batteries. According to a report on October 10 by the U.S. Overseas Chinese News Network, researchers at Stanford University have developed a sodium-based battery that can store as much electrical energy as lithium-ion batteries. But the cost is greatly reduced. Relevant research results have been published in the journal Nature Energy.

　　Researchers pointed out that lithium is the best choice for manufacturing batteries, but lithium has become rare and expensive. Humans need to use other richer elements, such as sodium, to develop higher-performance and low-cost batteries. In the newly designed sodium ion battery, sodium ions can be attached to inositol, and inositol is a common compound that can be extracted from the liquid by-products of rice bran or corn processing. The new combination of sodium ions and inositol significantly improves the ion cycle of sodium-based batteries, allowing ions to move more efficiently from the cathode through the electrolyte to the phosphorous anode, which in turn generates a stronger current. Researchers believe that the battery will help store energy from sustainable energy sources such as solar panels and wind turbines. The University of Houston has made significant progress in the research of magnesium batteries. The new type of magnesium batteries can make energy storage technology cheaper and safer. According to a report on the elektormagazine website on September 8, Yao Yan’s team at the University of Houston in the United States has made significant progress in the research of magnesium batteries. The new type of magnesium battery will be safer than lithium batteries. The research results have been published in the journal Nature Communications. Generally speaking, compared with lithium batteries, the energy density of magnesium batteries is generally lower. However, through the development of new cathode materials, the capacity of magnesium batteries can be increased to 400mAh/g, which is four times higher than the efficiency of earlier magnesium batteries.

　　The battery uses a two-dimensional layered TiS2 material with PY14+ ion in-situ expansion layer as the positive electrode, magnesium metal as the negative electrode, and traditional chloride-containing magnesium electrolyte (APC) as the electrolyte. When monovalent MgCl+ is used instead of divalent Mg2+ as the intercalation ion, only a simple desolvation (Ea~0.8eV) process occurs during ion intercalation, and the Mg-Cl bond does not break, and compared to Mg2+, MgCl+ solid The phase diffusion energy barrier is significantly reduced (~0.18eV), and the diffusion rate is greatly increased. At present, the voltage of the magnesium battery is about 1 volt, and the voltage of the next-generation battery under development can be close to 3 volts. Stanford University, USA: Lithium alloy/graphene "melee cake" opens a new era of lithium battery According to a report from Science and Technology Daily on July 14, Professor Cui Yi's research group from Stanford University has developed a lithium alloy/graphene foil negative electrode. The capacity is close to the theoretical volume capacity of lithium metal, and has excellent safety characteristics. Related research results have been published in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.　　Researchers said that by wrapping tightly packed lithium alloy nanoparticles in large graphene sheets, lithium alloy/graphene "melee cakes" can be prepared. Since the lithium alloy itself is the state with the largest volume, and is limited to the graphene "cake" with high conductivity and good chemical stability, the volume expansion of the alloy negative electrode and the dendritic growth of the lithium metal negative electrode are avoided. The "melaleuca" can also be assembled with a high-capacity sulfur cathode to form a high-efficiency, stable, and long-life battery, which greatly increases the energy density and safety performance of the battery. With its high capacity, excellent cycle performance and safety characteristics, the lithium alloy/graphene foil is expected to be used as a replacement for lithium metal anodes in the next generation of lithium/air and lithium/sulfur batteries. Professor Pan Feng's research group from the School of New Materials, Shenzhen Graduate School has achieved breakthroughs in the study of the properties of nano-single-particle lithium batteries. Breakthroughs have been made in the research on the properties of lithium batteries, and the relevant research results were published in the "Advanced Energy Materials" (Advanced Energy Materials) as a cover article.

　　The 　　 research group developed a method for preparing ultra-thin electrodes with dispersed single nanoparticles. The particles on this electrode were completely dispersed in the carbon nanotube network, and then electrochemical tests were carried out. At the same time, the research group developed a single-particle nanoelectrochemical calculation model. This single-particle model was simulated by the charge-discharge curve and CV curve obtained from experiments to obtain the interface reaction constant and lithium ion bulk diffusion coefficient of the single nanoparticle. By measuring and simulating and calculating the information of single particles in different electrolyte environmental systems under different temperature conditions, the research group proposed for the first time the pre-factor of the electrochemical interface kinetic reaction and the solvation and desolvation of lithium ions on a single particle. The activation energy of the process is directly related, and at the same time the structure of the nanocrystal interface is related to the electrochemical performance of the battery. Qing Energy Research Institute has developed lead-free lithium batteries at a cost of 0.5 yuan per watt hour. According to a report from Qingdao Daily on January 20, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Processes released the latest scientific research results: the first in China to successfully develop green and environmentally friendly lead-free Lithium-ion batteries, and the cost per watt-hour is controlled at 0.5 yuan, which has the conditions for industrialization.　　 Green Energy Research Institute’s R&D team has innovatively proposed three solutions for low-cost lithium-ion battery technology, low-cost water-based zinc battery technology and new magnesium battery technology. The large number of applications of lead-acid batteries in the past lies in their significant cost advantages, with a cost of about 0.5 yuan per watt hour. The lead-free lithium battery developed by Qingneng uses new material systems such as low-cost flame-retardant cellulose separators, low-cost carbon anodes, and fluorine-free environmentally friendly lithium borate salts, as well as improved new technology and processes, which have reduced the cost per watt-hour Controlled at 0.5 yuan, it has the industrialization conditions for equivalent replacement of lead-acid batteries. At present, the key technologies of the three new types of batteries have been broken through and the pilot test in the laboratory has been completed. However, zinc and magnesium batteries cannot be mass-produced for the time being, and only lithium batteries have the conditions for mass production. The Institute of Youth Energy is advancing the industrial cooperation with the Reading Group, a manufacturer of low-speed electric vehicles, to make low-speed electric vehicles a truly environmentally friendly means of transportation. Panasonic released a heavy release of bendable lithium batteries to achieve mass production. According to a report from MIT Technology Review on January 6, Panasonic released three different versions of bendable batteries at this year’s CES. This new type of lithium-ion battery can be twisted or bent 1000 After this time, 80% of the capacity was maintained. According to Yoriko Yagi, deputy director of Panasonic's Wearable Energy Department, the battery will begin mass production from April 2018 to March 2019. Panasonic has already provided samples to all potential customers in October last year.　　The thickness of Panasonic's flexible batteries is only 0.45 mm. Each battery is the size of a bank card, but its capacity is also very small. The CG-064065 battery with the largest capacity is only 60 mAh (mAh), while the smallest battery is only 17.5 mAh (mAh). This means that this new type of battery is only suitable for low-power consumption products such as wearable devices, card-type devices, and IoT devices.