The safety of lithium ion batteries has always been a major concern and a key research topic for scientists, so let SES Power introduce you to a high quality paper on the safety performance of lithium batteries.
Professor Jinhua Sun of the State Key Laboratory of Fire Science is the corresponding author of a review article entitled "A review of lithium ion battery failure mechanisms and fire prevention strategies" published in the journal Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. The review article is entitled "A review of lithium ion battery failure mechanisms and fire prevention strategies", with Professor Qingsong Wang and Dr. Binbin Mao as co-first authors and Associate Professor Stanislav Stoliarov of the University of Maryland as co-authors.
The paper combines the research results of Sun Jinhua and Wang Qingsong's team in the direction of lithium-ion battery safety for more than ten years and international research developments, summarizes and summarizes the latest progress of lithium-ion battery safety research, analyzes and proposes the breeding mechanism and disaster mechanism of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, and provides an outlook on its safety research direction.
Due to their high energy density, excellent cycling performance and no memory effect, lithium-ion batteries have become the leading power source for portable electronic products and are widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage power plants. However, due to its high energy density and flammable and explosive composition, it is highly susceptible to thermal runaway combustion under thermal, electrical or mechanical abuse conditions (Figure 1).
Figure 1 Analysis of the main causes of lithium-ion battery fire accidents
The paper firstly analyzed the kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of the main chemical reactions of lithium-ion batteries at different temperatures based on the structural characteristics and constituent materials of lithium-ion batteries, clarified the main control reactions of the thermal runaway process, and discussed in detail the breeding mechanism of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries under typical abuse situations (Figure 2).
Figure 2: The history of thermal runaway of lithium-ion battery causing disaster
Next, the fire behavior of single cells and battery modules, as well as the behavioral characteristics of battery heat production, gas production and thermal runaway expansion are introduced, and the influence law of battery charge state, electrode material and electrolyte on battery fire behavior is analyzed and revealed.
Figure 3: Internal chemical reaction process of the battery under different charge states
Thirdly, the current research status of lithium-ion battery fire prevention and control technology is reviewed, the advantages and disadvantages of technical methods to enhance the essential safety of lithium-ion batteries are analyzed, and the battery fire extinguishing technology is summarized, summarized and reviewed; finally, the thesis provides an outlook on the future research direction of battery safety.
Figure 4 Gas generation inside the battery under different charge states
In the past ten years, the team has devoted itself to the research of Li-ion battery runaway mechanism and its fire prevention and control methods, and has achieved many influential scientific results in the fields of Li-ion battery thermal runaway mechanism and fire dynamics, battery active material thermal stability and heat generation, safe electrolyte, battery fault diagnosis, combustion characteristics, battery thermal runaway propagation law and Li-ion battery firefighting technology.
At present, the team has published 79 SCI papers on lithium-ion battery safety with more than 3,000 citations; applied for and authorized 27 invention patents, one software copyright and one monograph, and won the first prize of science and technology innovation of China Fire Protection Association.
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science", founded in 1974, is the top international journal in the field of energy and combustion. In the past 50 years since its inception, the total number of papers published in the journal with Chinese research institutions as corresponding (or first) authors is less than 50, and it is also the first time for CSU to publish papers in the journal with first and corresponding authors. The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Foundation Committee, the Ministry of Education and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Link to the paper: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2019.03.002
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