Since the invention of solar cells in 1954, the types of solar cells have gradually been enriched, and the structures have been diverse, and the conversion efficiency has been significantly improved.

　　According to different production materials, there are three main types of solar cells on the market: crystalline silicon solar cells, thin-film solar cells and photoelectrochemical solar cells.

　　Crystalline silicon solar cells started the earliest and have the highest market share. Crystalline silicon solar cells are based on semiconductor P-N junctions, which are exposed to sunlight to produce a "photovoltaic effect", which directly converts light energy into electrical energy. Crystalline silicon solar cells are mainly divided into two types: monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon.

　　Compared with crystalline silicon solar cells, thin-film solar cells and photochemical solar cells started late, and the market acceptance is not as good as that of crystalline silicon solar cells.

　　Thin-film solar cells are solar cells manufactured by using semiconductor thin films as substrates, which consume less energy, and the thickness of the thin film that can generate voltage is only a few microns, which is suitable for photovoltaic building integration.

　　The thin film solar cells currently on the market mainly include three types of silicon-based, cadmium telluride and copper indium gallium selenium thin film solar cells. The power generation principle is similar to that of crystalline silicon solar cells.

　　Common photoelectrochemical solar cells are dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cells. Its principle stems from the human imitation of plant photosynthesis.

　　In addition, perovskite solar cells and quantum well semiconductor solar cells have good prospects as rising stars.

　　Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become the main energy storage solution in modern social life. Among them, lithium iron phosphate batteries are a perfect replacement for lead-acid batteries, and they are the first choice for grid-connected peak shaving, off-grid energy storage, photovoltaic energy storage, UPS, data center and other industries.

　　Solar power generation system with lithium battery energy storage system is a very promising clean energy.