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2021-08-09
The battery management system monitors individual cells in the battery pack. It then calculates how much current can safely go in (charge) and come out (discharge) without damaging the battery.
The current limits prevent the source (usually a battery charger) and the load (such as an inverter) from overdrawing or overcharging the battery. This protects the battery pack from cell voltages getting too high or low, which helps increase the battery’s longevity.
The BMS also monitors the remaining charge in the battery. It continually tracks the amount of energy entering and exiting the battery pack and monitoring cell voltages. It uses this data to know when the battery is drained and will shut it down. This is why lithium-ion batteries don’t show signs of dying like a lead-acid, but just shut off.