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2021-11-20
Lithium-sulfur batteries are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation high-energy-density energy storage devices. The theoretical specific capacity and specific energy of elemental sulfur as a cathode material can reach as high as 1675 mAh/g and 2567 Wh/kg. It is currently commercial lithium Five times the transition metal oxide positive electrode.
However, the safety and poor cycle performance of traditional lithium-sulfur batteries are the main challenges they face, which has seriously affected the commercialization process. All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries that use inorganic solid electrolytes to replace traditional organic electrolytes can effectively inhibit the production of polysulfides, thereby eliminating their shuttle effect and greatly improving their safety. This is an important direction for the development of lithium-sulfur batteries in the future.
Although all-solid-state lithium-sulfur can solve the current problems faced by traditional lithium-sulfur batteries, it brings new challenges, such as solid-solid interface problems and battery capacity degradation caused by effects such as stress/strain, which affect all-solid-state lithium The key to the cycle life of sulfur batteries.
Recently, a team led by Yao Xiayin, a researcher of the solid-state lithium battery team at Ningbo Institute of Materials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the University of Maryland, designed a new type of all-solid-state lithium-sulfur battery with a sulfur cathode structure. (~2nm) The amorphous nano-sulfur layer maintains the high electronic conductivity of the composite material, and then the reduced graphene oxide/sulfur composite material is uniformly dispersed in the super lithium ion conductor Li10GeP2S12-based composite material, thereby achieving high ionic conductivity and Low stress/strain.
The above-mentioned reduced graphene oxide/sulfur composite material-Li10GeP2S12-acetylene black mixture is used as the positive electrode layer, the Li10GeP2S12/modified Li3PS4 double-layer electrolyte is used as the solid electrolyte layer, and the metal lithium is used as the negative electrode. Lithium-sulfur batteries are completely different, with only a pair of charging and discharging platforms, which significantly inhibits the production of polysulfides.
At 60°C, the first discharge capacity at 0.05C is 1629mAh/g, and the first coulombic efficiency reaches 90%; at the same time, it shows excellent rate performance. Charge and discharge at different rates of 0.1C, 1.0C and 2.0C, the performance is 1384.5. The reversible capacity of 903.2 and 502.6 mAh/g; under 1.0C large rate and long cycle charge and discharge, the reversible capacity of 830 mAh/g can still be maintained after 750 cycles, and the single cycle capacity decay rate of the battery is only 0.015%, which is better than the traditional Lithium-sulfur batteries have significantly improved cycle performance.