It is worth noting that this year's car manufacturers' views on battery technology have undergone great changes. The following is a chronological list of the research and development trends of automobile manufacturers related to batteries.

　　Toyota established Prime Earth EV Energy, a hybrid electric vehicle battery production company in 1996, and established a battery business joint venture, Prime Planet Energy & Solutions, in February 2020. Then, in September 2021, it was decided to invest 1.5 trillion yen ($1.5 trillion) in car batteries by 2030. Among them, 1 trillion yen will be used to increase production capacity to 200 million kWh, which is 33 times the existing capacity.

　　BMW opened a battery development competence center in Munich in 2019 and is developing next-generation batteries. In addition to selecting materials, it also aims to develop technologies that will double the energy density by 2030.

　　Mercedes-Benz announced that it will produce its own batteries in March 2021. It has invested hundreds of millions of euros in its main base in Stuttgart, Germany, where it is headquartered, and announced that it will start small-scale mass production in 2023. Mercedes has been receiving batteries from LG Chem and CATL, and has a negative attitude towards its own production. Of course, this has not completely changed this policy. It strives to improve quality through internal production, focusing on external procurement.

　　Ford announced in April 2021 that it would establish a global battery center called Ford Ion Park in southeastern Michigan to produce its own batteries. Its goal is to put into operation before the end of 2022, and plans to develop and manufacture lithium-ion batteries and solid-state batteries. Similarly, we are investing in Solid Power.

　　In September 2021, the Volkswagen Group opened a battery research center in Salzgitter, Germany, to further expand its expertise in battery technology, and to develop and produce its own electric vehicle batteries. Volkswagen Group and its partners plan to operate 6 battery plants in Europe by 2030, with a capacity of 240 GWh. In the future, it plans to produce batteries with an annual capacity of 40GWh in Salzgitter, Germany. The new integrated batteries are expected to work together and reduce battery costs by as much as 50%.

　　In October 2021, General Motors will set up the Willis Battery Innovation Center in Warren, Michigan, to accelerate the development of new technologies such as lithium metal and silicon and advanced batteries. General Motors currently has more than 2,000 patents related to electric vehicle battery technology, including 60 patents and trade secrets, and 46 patents pending in important areas of future battery development, such as lithium metal electrolytes, positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and adhesives. The Wallace Center hopes to manufacture key battery components, such as batteries and battery active materials, with an energy density of 600 to 1200 Wh per liter.

　　With the support of world-class battery manufacturers such as LG Energy Solution, a spin-off of LG Chem, SK On, and Samsung SDI, a spin-off of SK Innovation, Hyundai Motor Group invested in Ionic Materials and Solid Power in the United States to become battery developers in 2018. In 2021, we will invest in Solid Power and cooperate with Factorial Energy in the United States to develop all-solid-state batteries. At the same time, we are also investing in SES. In November, it was decided to jointly establish a battery research center with Seoul National University. Here, joint research will be carried out in the four areas of battery management system (BMS), all-solid-state battery (SSB), lithium metal battery (LMB) and battery process technology.

　　The next generation of lithium batteries is considered to be the second storage semiconductor. It can be seen from the trends of various companies that most of them are focusing on the development and production of battery packs based on the existing company's cell technology. However, considering that if it continues, the existing two or three major companies are likely to occupy most of the market share, and the company is showing a long-term willingness to internalize battery technology.

　　The battery electric vehicle business was a small and medium-sized business 10 years ago, and it is now the core of all car manufacturers in the world.

　　Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become the main energy storage solution in modern social life. Among them, lithium iron phosphate battery is a perfect replacement for lead-acid batteries, and it is the first choice for grid-connected peak shaving, off-grid energy storage, photovoltaic energy storage, UPS, data center and other industries.