According to the US Energy Information Administration, in most utility-scale (capacity greater than 1 MW) battery storage applications in the United States, frequency adjustment is the most common use, but other uses, such as climbing, arbitrage, and load tracking are also becoming more and more popular. The more common.

The most common battery application is frequency response. Frequency response is a service that keeps the grid frequency as close as possible to 60 Hz. Deviations below 60 Hz can cause protective generators to trip. Energy storage battery systems are particularly suitable for frequency regulation because their output does not require any startup time and can quickly absorb surges. By the end of 2020, the United States has already had 885 MW of battery storage capacity (59% of the total capacity of utility-scale batteries) for frequency response.

Auxiliary services for climbing or reserve transfer capacity can quickly respond to system interruptions, such as sudden power outages or rapid changes in demand. In areas with a relatively high proportion of power generation from energy sources such as wind and solar energy, their output fluctuates with changes in wind speed or cloud cover, and often requires resources that can respond quickly. By the end of 2020, the U.S. power grid already has 583 MW of battery storage capacity (39% of the total) for climbing or backup capacity.

Arbitrage is a strategy that buys electricity during periods of low prices and sells them during periods of high prices. Battery storage supports this strategy by charging when electricity prices are low and discharging when electricity prices are high. From 2019 to 2020, this use of the US grid has increased by 390 megawatts, the largest increase. By the end of 2020, 586 MW of battery storage capacity (37% of the total) will be used for arbitrage.

Load tracking is an operating strategy in which a generator changes its output to match changes in power demand or load. Batteries are used for load tracking because their output can be digitally controlled, so they can respond to load changes with less stress than mechanical systems. In 2020, the US power grid will have nearly 400 megawatts of battery storage capacity for load tracking.

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become the main energy storage solution in modern social life. Among them, lithium iron phosphate batteries are a perfect substitute for lead-acid batteries, and are the first choice for grid-connected peak shaving, off-grid energy storage, photovoltaic energy storage, UPS, data center and other industries.

Solar power generation system with lithium battery energy storage system is a very promising clean energy.