Electric ships have the advantages of environmental protection, zero
pollution, safety and low cost of use, and their operating costs are
significantly lower than diesel and LNG fuel ships.
In the future, the trend of ship lithium battery will be mainly
concentrated in the ferry, sightseeing boat, inland cargo ship, port tugboat
market in coastal cities along the river, etc. Some large and medium-sized ships
use lithium batteries to replace lead acid, thereby promoting the acceleration
of lithium batteries for marine use. Small-tonnage vessels such as
short-distance transport ships, sightseeing boats, and ferry boats in inland
rivers and lakes are mainly pure electric, while large-tonnage long-distance
commercial ships mainly use hybrid technology routes.
Electric ships have simple structure, stable operation, low maintenance
costs, and are more suitable for future environmental protection trends. At
present, electric ships are mainly used in the civilian field. It is believed
that in the near future, there will be more purely electric ships operating in
scenic cruises, passenger ships and ferries.
Electric ships need to carry a large number of batteries, and have higher
requirements on battery discharge rate, cycleability, and cost. In terms of
battery type selection, compared with lead-acid batteries, lithium iron
phosphate batteries have obvious advantages in terms of safety, energy density,
and cycle performance.
The overall development of the electric ship market presents two stages.
The growth rate will be slow from 2018 to 2021, and the growth rate will
accelerate from 2022 to 2025. In 2019, 2022 and 2025, the penetration rate of
lithium battery for electric ships is calculated according to 0.035%, 0.55% and
18.5%. By 2025, the lithium battery market for electric ships will reach
35.41GWh!
Marine lithium batteries can be used for electric drive devices of
sailboats, yachts, cruise ships, tugboats, motorboats, container ships,
catamarans, houseboats and submarines and scooters for underwater vehicles. It
can adapt to changes in customer needs, such as cruise ship size (length, width,
weight, etc.) and ship type adjustment, and can operate in a wide voltage range.
The marine lithium battery is equipped with a power management system to ensure
that the performance and advantages of the lithium battery can be fully
utilized, and it is convenient for users to use, maintain and test.
Lithium batteries can replace lead-acid batteries and quickly replace the
application status of lead-acid batteries in electric ships because lithium
batteries represented by lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) have good performance,
which can meet the weight, weight, and weight of lead-acid batteries in the
past. Unsatisfactory indicators in terms of size, capacity, high current
intensity and service life. Marine lithium batteries must pass the qualification
certification of relevant agencies, which currently only approve square lithium
iron phosphate.
The advantages of lithium batteries over lead-acid batteries are as
follows:
1. Energy density: The energy density of the battery system is 3~4 times
higher than that of the traditional lead-acid battery, reaching 180 Wh/kg for a
single unit and 120-140 Wh/kg for the system;
2. Output power: The weight ratio of the battery system is 4~5 times higher
than that of the traditional lead-acid battery, reaching the rated power of
200~500 W/kg and the pulse power of 2~5 kW/kg;
3. Service life: The cycle times of the battery system at a depth of 70% to
100% are 7 times higher than that of a lead-acid battery, reaching 3000 to 5000
times;
4. Durability: The battery system discharges under the condition of -20℃ to
50℃, and the capacity retention rate reaches 90%, which is twice as high as that
of lead-acid batteries;
5. Adaptability: The battery system matches the global standard
AC195V~AC264V (47-63Hz) for charging, and is suitable for different types of
batteries and charging methods;
6. Convenience: The battery does not need maintenance, it can use Bluetooth
output, network monitoring and management;
7. Safety: It can meet the anti-corrosion requirements of the marine
environment, and will not smoke or fire when subjected to strong vibration,
drop, puncture, or extrusion.
