As a new energy vehicle, electric vehicle has been accepted by consumers and entered a period of rapid development. Compared with the already mature fuel vehicle recycling system, the decommissioning and recycling system of electric vehicles is immature, and the battery is the biggest "hidden danger": according to statistics, in 2021, the total amount of discarded vehicle batteries in the world will reach 100,000 tons, 94% of them are from China, which is not a small number.

　　Most electric vehicles use lithium-ion batteries, which can overheat and catch fire when exposed to high temperatures or penetrated, releasing carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide that are very harmful to human health. In addition, waste batteries can also cause water pollution and inhibit the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms and other potential dangers. Therefore it must be recycled.

　　In addition to reducing environmental pollution and reducing the environmental damage caused by chemical elements in the battery, the rational use of retired lithium batteries for electric vehicles will bring new economic value. The simplest example: after the outbreak of the new crown epidemic in 2020, the international cobalt mining capacity has declined seriously, coupled with the limited international logistics, the price of lithium-ion battery materials has increased dramatically: battery-grade lithium carbonate materials have risen from $10,000/ton to $80,000/ton.

　　Against this backdrop, the regenerative value of rare metals such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese in retired batteries for electric vehicles stands out: up 95 percent in the first three months of this year. Lithium battery manufacturers can master the source of raw materials through recycling and reuse, which can ultimately ensure stable supply and stabilize market prices.

　　In SES Power's view, recycling is actually the final use of retired lithium batteries for electric vehicles, and it cannot fully utilize it. scene, can not be reused directly into recycling. The so-called cascade utilization is to continuously "degrade" the battery until the last trace of its value is drained.

　　At present, various recycling manufacturers mainly conduct physical sorting of used batteries through mechanical disassembly. In the proper recycling channel, after the retired electric vehicle lithium battery meets the echelon utilization conditions after being evaluated and judged, it will basically have the following uses:

　　A: Lithium batteries with large capacity and obviously long cycle life are generally used to build energy storage systems such as solar power generation and wind power generation, which can reduce the cost of power generation to about 50% of that of new lithium batteries.

　　B: Lithium batteries with low capacity and poor remaining cycle life can be used in scenarios where battery life and frequency of use are not so high, such as mobile energy storage, golf carts, shuttles for commuting in parks, and AGV autonomous transportation in factories car etc.

　　C: There are also some lithium batteries with low capacity and close to the end of their cycle life, which can be used in low-frequency scenarios such as communication base stations and backup power sources. The most obvious example is that around 2018, China Tower has stopped the procurement of lead-acid batteries, and unified procurement of batteries for cascade utilization. In 2019, China Tower is expected to use about 5GWh of cascade utilization batteries, replace about 150,000 tons of lead-acid batteries, and consume more than 50,000 tons of retired power batteries.

　　D: If the lithium battery has been damaged, the capacity is seriously insufficient, or there are other serious performance problems, we can only turn it into recycling, and recycle the valuable metals, electrolytes, plastics, etc. in the battery, and remake them into batteries or Raw materials for other products.

　　A car lithium-ion battery can contain 8 kilograms of lithium, 35 kilograms of nickel, 20 kilograms of manganese, and 14 kilograms of cobalt, all of which are very valuable metal elements.

　　However, the first difficulty of recycling waste electric vehicle batteries is the high cost. In the United States, the Department of Energy wants to spend $500 million to strengthen the development of electric vehicle battery manufacturing in the United States, while the recycling and reuse of used batteries will cost $60 million.

　　Why is it so expensive? This is because the design of the battery is too complicated, and the standards are inconsistent, and the dismantling, grading and reorganization work after recycling is very difficult and complicated. More importantly, the actual economic benefits of recycling are not as high as imagined. Of course, we are referring to when the market price is stable, not when the price is extremely high now: the recycling cost of a ton of lithium phosphate battery is about 1200 US dollars, and after purifying the metal through a series of processes, the market value obtained is only It's around $1,300, and there's basically no profit to be made.

　　However, aren't there also important metal elements such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese? Yes, these metals can be said to be behind high profits. But don't forget that cobalt is toxic, and a little improper operation can easily cause secondary pollution or even cause an explosion, so it needs to invest in specialized technical equipment and technicians, so the initial cost is not cheap.

　　At present, the echelon utilization rate in China is only 37%, which is far from the optimal market allocation. China is currently the world's largest producer of lithium batteries, and of course it needs to lead the industry in battery recycling. At present, China intends to establish a set of unified and standardized procedures, and strive to create a battery structure that is easy to disassemble from the source development stage.

　　This requires automobile manufacturers to establish files for each new energy vehicle product throughout the product life cycle to track and record the recycling of power batteries; in addition, the Chinese government will also formulate lithium battery recycling standards, requiring recycling companies to comply with national, Industry standard for dismantling, storage, dismantling, testing and recycling of used power batteries.

　　SES Power focuses on customized lithium batteries. Our focus is on lithium battery energy storage systems, such as 12V100Ah, 12V200Ah, 24V100Ah, 24V200Ah, 36V100Ah, 48V50Ah, 48V100Ah and other lead-acid replacements using square aluminum-shell lithium iron phosphate cells , Wall-mounted home energy storage, portable home energy storage, 12V30Ah, 12V50Ah, 12V60Ah car starter batteries with high-performance lithium batteries (maximum peak current up to 1500A), lithium battery systems normally used in -40 ℃ environment and other special customized lithium batteries. However, many customers are very concerned about cost performance, so SES Power, under the principle of not reducing safety performance to reduce costs, conducts in-depth research on the real scenarios and real needs of customers, and strictly follows the principles of echelon battery utilization, making SES Power's customized lithium on the basis of guaranteed performance, the ion battery pack fully meets the needs of customers who are picky about prices.

　　Of course, this requires us to have a very rich knowledge of lithium batteries and system integration capabilities to be perfectly competent:

　　Generally speaking, after the battery cells are tested and classified, SES Power's engineers will conduct a preliminary classification of the lithium batteries with better quality according to the above classification. Afterwards, R&D engineers will select suitable models and individuals from these graded batteries according to customer needs and application scenarios, and finally a professional lithium battery assembly line will perform the final pack assembly.